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Super-efficient Sustainable Cooling Solution for All Applications (S2Cool)
DEPARTMENT FOR SCIENCE, INNOVATION AND TECHNOLOGY
Context In June 2023, Pakistan experienced extreme temperatures exceeding 52.2°C, a level at which human cells begin to cook, blood thickens, muscles constrict around the lungs, and the brain is deprived of oxygen. This severe heatwave resulted in the death of 120,000 people, the loss of 26 billion potential labour hours (equivalent to $16 billion in lost income), and up to 9% of the country's GDP. The extreme heat, coupled with frequent power outages, worsened the vulnerabilities of socially deprived communities and women, leading to increased hospitalizations and miscarriages, as reported by the UNDP and the National Commission for the Status of Women (NCSW). Dinushika Dissanayake, Amnesty International’s Deputy Regional Director in South Asia, called for urgent global action as these heatwaves severely impacted human rights in Pakistan. Co-creation & Co-designing In response to the crisis, the Pakistan Heating, Ventilation, Air-Conditioning, and Refrigeration Society organized the 28th International Exhibition and Conference in June 2023. A working group led by Dr. Shahzad, consisting of researchers, stakeholders, and end users, was established to identify the issue and develop potential solutions. The group held its third meeting in December 2023 at the ASHRAE UK Chapter conference at Loughborough, where UK researchers and solution providers were invited to join this international effort. Currently, the working group includes over 50 representatives from Pakistani and UK institutions and industries. Aims and Objectives The S2Cool project represents a pioneering collaboration between the UK and partners in Pakistan. The primary aim is to develop a novel, low-cost, and energy-efficient cooling solution and capacity building platform. The primary objectives of the S2Cool project are: Design and Development: Develop and test the 20kW Novel Indirect Evaporative Cooler (NIEC) and its integration with Mechanical Vapor Compression (MVC) systems. AI Framework Development: Develop and implement an AI framework for process optimization and system integration. GESI and EDI Evaluations: Conduct GESI and EDI assessments to ensure equitable benefits for all community members. Performance and Impact Assessment: Assess performance through life cycle costing, and evaluate social, economic, and sustainability impacts. Technology Scale-up and Commercialization: Establish a framework for technology scaling and commercialization. Capacity Building Platform and Knowledge Dissemination: Develop online platform, conduct training and community engagement sessions, and share knowledge and findings. Potential Applications and Benefits The proposed system is versatile, applicable in residential, commercial, industrial, and vehicular settings, including buses. Its benefits include improved comfort, health, productivity, energy efficiency, and equipment preservation. This project will primarily advance UNSDGs 7 and 13, while also supporting goals 3, 5, 9, and 11 by reducing energy use in air conditioning and lowering emissions to combat climate change and address energy inequity in Pakistan. Ayrton Challenge and Theme The S2Cool project addresses the Ayrton Challenge area of "super-efficient demand." The project aims to develop a cooling solution that is highly energy-efficient, making it suitable for a country with limited energy resources and high electricity costs. ODA Compliance The S2Cool project is compliant with Official Development Assistance (ODA) guidelines, targeting a critical development issue in Pakistan, a low-income country. The project aims to improve living conditions, enhance productivity, and contribute to economic development by providing an affordable and energy-efficient cooling solution. By addressing the impacts of extreme heatwaves and supporting sustainable development goals, the project aligns with ODA objectives of poverty reduction and sustainable development in developing countries.
Bangladesh-Collaborative, Accountable and Peaceful Politics (B-CAPP) Programme
UK - Foreign, Commonwealth Development Office (FCDO)
To protect civic space, foster political collaboration, reduce corruption, and mitigate conflict and violence in Bangladesh, the Bangladesh- Collaborative, Accountable and Peaceful Politics programme will mobilise civil society and media coalitions, provide citizens groups with tools to monitor public services, improve decision making within political parties and promote women and youth leadership.
Tackling Deadly Diseases in Africa Programme 2
UK - Foreign, Commonwealth Development Office (FCDO)
The Tackling Deadly Diseases in Africa 2 (TDDAP 2) programme will help implement the UK’s vision for progress on health security in Africa. It will provide technical and financial support to build health security capacity in up to 5 selected countries, including middle ground powers, strengthen key regional bodies such as the Africa Centre for Disease Control and establish long-term partnerships between African, UK and global institutions. Outcomes; • Strengthened regional institutions to help build and improve global health security; • Improved national public health systems and functions with increased national ownership and leadership of outbreak responses; • Communities trained and provided with the knowledge and tools to identify risks and respond to outbreaks; • An emergency response/contingency mechanism to enable the UK to quickly respond to disease outbreaks and help prevent these from escalating to crisis; • Independent monitoring and evaluation component
Transformative Economic Policy Programme - Bangladesh (TEPP)
UK - Foreign, Commonwealth Development Office (FCDO)
To improve economic policymaking in Bangladesh through technical assistance to government, strengthening expertise of local think tanks and publishing economic data.
Public Financial Management Multi Donor Trust Fund – Phase II
UK - Foreign, Commonwealth Development Office (FCDO)
The programme provides support to strengthen Nepal’s Public Finance Management (PFM) systems in the context of the implementation of federalism.
Fiscal Transparency and Accountability Initiative
UK - Foreign, Commonwealth Development Office (FCDO)
To support the analysis of public financial management and the openness of governments in FCDO priority countries about their financial transactions to help to identify financial risks and provide evidence for planning reforms. Aims to strengthen budget oversight, with a particular focus on supreme audit institutions and scrutiny on law-making, and the links with others who are part of the network of accountability. To improve budget transparency, including open budgets and open contracting as key elements of financial accountability and management. Also supporting IFAC to build the managerial and technical capacity of professional accountancy organisations in countries and regions of focus for FCDO to ensure a sustainable supply of professional accountants that support high quality accounting practices and financial information in both the public and private sectors. This contributes towards delivery of SDG 16 by developing effective, accountable and transparent institutions.
Security and Justice Programme 2
UK - Foreign, Commonwealth Development Office (FCDO)
Security and Justice Programme (SJP) ultimately aims to help to enhance public safety in Nepal and improve people’s trust in a key institution: the police. It will contribute to increased responsiveness of security and justice providers, particularly gender-based violence (GBV) and increased prevention of GBV and wider public safety problems. Understanding and influencing different social and organisational norms will run through the whole programme to address the prevalence of violence against women and girls. The programme also has a particular focus on the organisational development of the Nepal Police, investigation capability, problem-solving community policing and better climate-resilient solar-powered infrastructure for service delivery, notably police women and children service centres (WCSCs).
Democratic Resilience Platform
UK - Foreign, Commonwealth Development Office (FCDO)
To provide a platform to enable programmes to be developed to improve the governance and democracy of FCDO priority countries.
Effective Governance for Economic Development in Central Asia
UK - Foreign, Commonwealth Development Office (FCDO)
EGED will help improve the effectiveness, accountability and transparency of economic policies in Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan and Uzbekistan. We will support governments in the three countries to generate better data and evidence, use this data for policy design and implementation of up to 15 economic reforms, improved coordination within government, and better engagement with citizens. We will also build the capacity of civil society in the region to hold the governments of Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan and Uzbekistan to account on select economic policies. Success will be measured through a) increased public sector revenue generated as a result of better policy planning and monitoring; b) better economic policy outcomes helping improve the livelihoods of Kyrgyz, Uzbek and Tajik citizens and c) improved quality of engagement between government and civil society.
African Union Conflict and Governance Support Programme (AUCG)
UK - Foreign, Commonwealth Development Office (FCDO)
AUCG will work to strengthen the conflict prevention, conflict management and governance capabilities of the African Union (AU). In doing so, it will help tackle emerging threats to the UK and Africa earlier and before they result in violent conflict. Emphasis will be put on strengthening the AU’s early warning, analysis and early response capacity and capability, including the AU’s ability to effectively mediate in situations before or during conflict. AUCG will also support the AU’s ability to effectively monitor elections across the African continent, helping to promote open societies and create a more democratic world, and will increase women’s meaningful participation in political and peace processes.
Serious Organised Crime and Anti-Corruption Programme
UK - Foreign, Commonwealth Development Office (FCDO)
To counter serious and organised crime, build the investigative capacity of select partners and close the loopholes in the justice system that hinders the prosecution of cases.
UK-Jamaica Violence Prevention Partnership
UK - Foreign, Commonwealth Development Office (FCDO)
To assist the Government of Jamaica to manage extreme levels of violence to stem gang violence using the public health model.
Support to Bond and the UK Alliance
UK - Foreign, Commonwealth Development Office (FCDO)
The UK’s world-leading civil society is a source of enormous soft power internationally. FCDO partnerships with UK INGOs remain vital, given their role in engaging with the UK public and demonstrating the case for aid. But we need to support organisations in making difficult shifts in their operating models and communication narratives which are necessary to safeguard the health, relevance and public support for this important sector in the future. Civil society ‘infrastructure’/networking bodies add value to INGOs in important ways, offering: peer learning, targeted support, guidance, thought leadership, access to policymakers, networking and information. The UK Alliance comprises Bond and its sister networks covering UK nations. It includes Hub Cymru Africa (HCA) in Wales, Scotland’s International Development Alliance (SInDA), the Coalition of Aid and Development Agencies in Northern Ireland (CADA NI), the South-West International Development Network (SWIDN).
Twiyubakire – Effective and Accountable Governance for Development
UK - Foreign, Commonwealth Development Office (FCDO)
Twiyubakire will be the UK’s flagship governance programme in Rwanda and a key tool to deliver the Political, Governance and Security objective of our country plan. The programme will also contribute to wider country plan objectives: more efficient, effective, and accountable local governance and PFM systems are important to mitigate risks of UK financial aid across sectors, and will support our education, social protection, and economic development goals.
Central Asia Small Projects Programme
UK - Foreign, Commonwealth Development Office (FCDO)
This programme will provide the mechanism for embassies to develop small projects to further the aims of the Country Business Plans and develop learning to support wider programming initiatives, with the overall aim of supporting development in the region.
Ethiopia – Human Rights and Peacebuilding Programme (HARP)
UK - Foreign, Commonwealth Development Office (FCDO)
The Human Rights and Peacebuilding (HARP) programme will support the UK’s strategic response to conflict in Ethiopia. The programme will support peacebuilding initiatives in areas where the UK has a comparative advantage. This will build the capacity of local peace actors (particularly women and youth), provide safe spaces for dialogue and engage with government to respond to community needs. The UK has proven success in investing in these areas in Ethiopia – particularly through the CSSF Funded work of Conciliation Resources in Somali Regional State. HARP will look to continue this activity, as well as supporting further peacebuilding activity in other conflict areas.
Invest Salone: Private Sector Development, Trade and Job Creation in Sierra Leone
UK - Foreign, Commonwealth Development Office (FCDO)
To increase investment in Sierra Leone's exporting sectors, including agriculture, tourism, and fisheries leading to economic diversification, household income growth and job creation. The programme will help Sierra Leone meet the economic aspirations of its growing young population, tackling the drivers of instability and illegal migration. It will also make Sierra Leone more competitive in global markets putting put it on a pathway to becoming a future trading partner for the UK.
Partnership for Agile Governance and Climate Engagement (PACE)
UK - Foreign, Commonwealth Development Office (FCDO)
The PACE is designed to support more accountable and inclusive institutions to respond to Nigeria’s governance and climate change challenges. This is a governance programme, seeking to address the governance challenges that undermine development and perpetuate social exclusion in Nigeria.
Promoting Civic Space
UK - Foreign, Commonwealth Development Office (FCDO)
Internal drawdown fund to strengthen civic space via Posts and FCDO teams, through support in areas where civic space is closing or under threat.
Rights, Inclusion, Voice and Agency Nepal (RIVA)
UK - Foreign, Commonwealth Development Office (FCDO)
The RIVA programme will empower women, girls, and excluded groups in Nepal to understand and claim their Rights individually and collectively, participate in Inclusive policy-making and implementation, and have a stronger Voice and Agency at both national and local levels to advance Gender Equality, Disability and Social Inclusion (GEDSI).
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