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Super-efficient Sustainable Cooling Solution for All Applications (S2Cool)
DEPARTMENT FOR SCIENCE, INNOVATION AND TECHNOLOGY
Context In June 2023, Pakistan experienced extreme temperatures exceeding 52.2°C, a level at which human cells begin to cook, blood thickens, muscles constrict around the lungs, and the brain is deprived of oxygen. This severe heatwave resulted in the death of 120,000 people, the loss of 26 billion potential labour hours (equivalent to $16 billion in lost income), and up to 9% of the country's GDP. The extreme heat, coupled with frequent power outages, worsened the vulnerabilities of socially deprived communities and women, leading to increased hospitalizations and miscarriages, as reported by the UNDP and the National Commission for the Status of Women (NCSW). Dinushika Dissanayake, Amnesty International’s Deputy Regional Director in South Asia, called for urgent global action as these heatwaves severely impacted human rights in Pakistan. Co-creation & Co-designing In response to the crisis, the Pakistan Heating, Ventilation, Air-Conditioning, and Refrigeration Society organized the 28th International Exhibition and Conference in June 2023. A working group led by Dr. Shahzad, consisting of researchers, stakeholders, and end users, was established to identify the issue and develop potential solutions. The group held its third meeting in December 2023 at the ASHRAE UK Chapter conference at Loughborough, where UK researchers and solution providers were invited to join this international effort. Currently, the working group includes over 50 representatives from Pakistani and UK institutions and industries. Aims and Objectives The S2Cool project represents a pioneering collaboration between the UK and partners in Pakistan. The primary aim is to develop a novel, low-cost, and energy-efficient cooling solution and capacity building platform. The primary objectives of the S2Cool project are: Design and Development: Develop and test the 20kW Novel Indirect Evaporative Cooler (NIEC) and its integration with Mechanical Vapor Compression (MVC) systems. AI Framework Development: Develop and implement an AI framework for process optimization and system integration. GESI and EDI Evaluations: Conduct GESI and EDI assessments to ensure equitable benefits for all community members. Performance and Impact Assessment: Assess performance through life cycle costing, and evaluate social, economic, and sustainability impacts. Technology Scale-up and Commercialization: Establish a framework for technology scaling and commercialization. Capacity Building Platform and Knowledge Dissemination: Develop online platform, conduct training and community engagement sessions, and share knowledge and findings. Potential Applications and Benefits The proposed system is versatile, applicable in residential, commercial, industrial, and vehicular settings, including buses. Its benefits include improved comfort, health, productivity, energy efficiency, and equipment preservation. This project will primarily advance UNSDGs 7 and 13, while also supporting goals 3, 5, 9, and 11 by reducing energy use in air conditioning and lowering emissions to combat climate change and address energy inequity in Pakistan. Ayrton Challenge and Theme The S2Cool project addresses the Ayrton Challenge area of "super-efficient demand." The project aims to develop a cooling solution that is highly energy-efficient, making it suitable for a country with limited energy resources and high electricity costs. ODA Compliance The S2Cool project is compliant with Official Development Assistance (ODA) guidelines, targeting a critical development issue in Pakistan, a low-income country. The project aims to improve living conditions, enhance productivity, and contribute to economic development by providing an affordable and energy-efficient cooling solution. By addressing the impacts of extreme heatwaves and supporting sustainable development goals, the project aligns with ODA objectives of poverty reduction and sustainable development in developing countries.
Support to Bond and the UK Alliance
UK - Foreign, Commonwealth Development Office (FCDO)
The UK’s world-leading civil society is a source of enormous soft power internationally. FCDO partnerships with UK INGOs remain vital, given their role in engaging with the UK public and demonstrating the case for aid. But we need to support organisations in making difficult shifts in their operating models and communication narratives which are necessary to safeguard the health, relevance and public support for this important sector in the future. Civil society ‘infrastructure’/networking bodies add value to INGOs in important ways, offering: peer learning, targeted support, guidance, thought leadership, access to policymakers, networking and information. The UK Alliance comprises Bond and its sister networks covering UK nations. It includes Hub Cymru Africa (HCA) in Wales, Scotland’s International Development Alliance (SInDA), the Coalition of Aid and Development Agencies in Northern Ireland (CADA NI), the South-West International Development Network (SWIDN).
Partnership for Agile Governance and Climate Engagement (PACE)
UK - Foreign, Commonwealth Development Office (FCDO)
The PACE is designed to support more accountable and inclusive institutions to respond to Nigeria’s governance and climate change challenges. This is a governance programme, seeking to address the governance challenges that undermine development and perpetuate social exclusion in Nigeria.
Transformative Economic Policy Programme - Bangladesh (TEPP)
UK - Foreign, Commonwealth Development Office (FCDO)
To improve economic policymaking in Bangladesh through technical assistance to government, strengthening expertise of local think tanks and publishing economic data.
Wajibika Programme in Tanzania
UK - Foreign, Commonwealth Development Office (FCDO)
The vision for the Wajibika programme is that it uses a strategic and flexible mix of ODA funding and coordinated diplomatic influencing to help Tanzania move further in the direction of a more "Open Society." Promoting an open societies agenda in Tanzania will contribute to an improved policy environment for reform e.g. on the business environment and education, both which are top UK priorities for Tanzania - and facilitate more open Tanzanian relationships with key partners, including the UK. The Wabijika Programme in Tanzania will be a flagship Open Societies programme for FCDO Tanzania. It will strengthen media and civil society, promote more inclusive politics and improve accountability, delivering HMG's Force for good.
Central Asia Small Projects Programme
UK - Foreign, Commonwealth Development Office (FCDO)
This programme will provide the mechanism for embassies to develop small projects to further the aims of the Country Business Plans and develop learning to support wider programming initiatives, with the overall aim of supporting development in the region.
Shifting the Power – Strengthening African Civil Society
UK - Foreign, Commonwealth Development Office (FCDO)
By partnering with Comic Relief and the British public through five annual televised matched appeals, Shifting the Power will build the capacity of locally led civil society organisations in Ghana, Zambia and Malawi that are working in areas which are a priority for both DFID and Comic Relief - early childhood, mental health, gender justice and shelter. Locally led, Southern based CSOs will be supported to become more effective, sustainable and better able to represent local people’s priorities. The programme will communicate a positive narrative to the UK public about how aid is empowering local people to pursue their own priorities and to stand up for their rights.
Conflict, Stability and Security Fund (CSSF)
UK - Foreign, Commonwealth and Development Office
Conflict, Stability and Security Fund (CSSF)
UK Aid Match II Fund
UK - Foreign, Commonwealth Development Office (FCDO)
To support the achievement of the Global Goals through funding UK-based civil society organisations to deliver projects that assist in ending extreme poverty and building a better world by 2030. The programme will also provide opportunities for the UK public to engage in international development issues and have a say in how a portion of the aid budget is spent.
Disability Capacity Building Programme
UK - Foreign, Commonwealth Development Office (FCDO)
To promote the rights of people with disabilities in line with the United Nations Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities by supporting the delivery of small grants, training and partnership building between UN agencies, governments, private sector and disabled persons organisations.
Programme to support accountability and inclusion (Programme d'Appui à la Redevabilité et l'Inclusion) (PARI)
UK - Foreign, Commonwealth Development Office (FCDO)
This programme aims to increase the transparency, accountability and effectiveness of governance institutions at central level and in selected provinces to deliver better pro-poor services and support democracy and lasting stability in DRC.
Ghana Governance Programme (GGP)
UK - Foreign, Commonwealth Development Office (FCDO)
The Ghana Governance Programme (GGP) will promote an effective, transparent, and accountable governance system that protects civil and political rights. It will achieve this by supporting Election Management Bodies, engaging with political parties, promoting effective citizens engagement and supporting civil society to observe the elections to promote non-violent and credible elections in 2024 and 2024. The programme will also drive organised civil society demand for good governance by promoting transparency and accountability through effective citizen engagement to influence a pro-poor development agenda and drive demand for structural reforms. Additionally, it will support innovative solutions to build state capacity to address key systemic weaknesses to enhance transparency and accountability and reduce corruption and advance human rights priorities in Ghana using a flexible and opportunistic approach to respond to weaknesses in areas such as media freedom or minority rights.
Empowering Palestinian Institutions and Civil Society in Palestine - EPICS
UK - Foreign, Commonwealth Development Office (FCDO)
EPICS aims to improve the viability, legitimacy and inclusion of governance and service delivery, to protect and support civic space, and to empower women, in the OPTs. It will provide technical assistance to PA institutions across governance sectors, with a particular focus on financial viability and provision of essential services, in order to protect the fiscal viability and legitimacy of the PA in a declining context. EPICS will protect and support Palestinian civic space by supporting CSOs to hold the PA and other local duty bearers to account for governance and service delivery. EPICS will strengthen women’s empowerment, primarily through supporting coalition building among local and grassroots organisations. Through improving PA viability and legitimacy, it will help reduce the drivers of instability and extremism.
Open Society Enabling Fund (OSEF)
UK - Foreign, Commonwealth Development Office (FCDO)
The Open Societies Enabling Fund is aimed at supporting and bolstering active contributions of civil society groups in defending Indonesia’s open society with the particular context of 2024 national and local elections amidst the trend of shrinking civic space, increased prosecution of human rights defenders, and further entrenchment of minority rights.
Effective State and Democracy Programme
UK - Foreign, Commonwealth Development Office (FCDO)
The ESD programme aims to embed democratic values in Zambia’s institutions and practices and support an inclusive, effective state, which delivers poverty reduction and growth for all its citizens. It will bring together support for a) public sector delivery b) evidence-based policy and c) constructive engagement to drive long term improvements in Zambia that demonstrate the values and dividends of open society and democracy. This will be done by working with the centre of government on prioritisation and delivery, and with non-state actors (like CSOs) to help tackle key governance issues. The programme is designed to flex in response to political opportunities, including the potential for a new government following 2026 elections.
Disability Inclusive Development Programme
UK - Foreign, Commonwealth Development Office (FCDO)
This programme will deliver a set of interventions to support people with disabilities in a number of developing countries. The programme will deliver tangible outcomes for people with disabilities including access to education, jobs, healthcare and reduced stigma and discrimination and encourage global actors to prioritise the issue. The programme will also test innovative approaches to disability inclusion and generate high quality research to fill gaps and discover what works in this under-resourced area. A lack of attention and funding has severely limited evidence of what works to deliver inclusion in international development for approximately 800 million people with disabilities in developing countries. Interventions that work will be scaled up, widening their reach, and new learning and evidence shared across the global development community and national governments.
Twiyubakire – Effective and Accountable Governance for Development
UK - Foreign, Commonwealth Development Office (FCDO)
Twiyubakire will be the UK’s flagship governance programme in Rwanda and a key tool to deliver the Political, Governance and Security objective of our country plan. The programme will also contribute to wider country plan objectives: more efficient, effective, and accountable local governance and PFM systems are important to mitigate risks of UK financial aid across sectors, and will support our education, social protection, and economic development goals.
Partnerships for Development
UK - Foreign, Commonwealth Development Office (FCDO)
Partnerships for Development (formerly known as GREAT for Partnership) will multiply the UK’s development impact by boosting partnerships between UK’s institutions and their counterparts in the developing world. It will leverage the skills and expertise from a range of UK institutions and supply them initially to DFID partner countries, based on tailored demand. It will initially prioritise the Extractives, Financial Accountability and Anti-Corruption sectors.
Commonwealth Veteran's Welfare Programme for ODA Eligible Countries
UK - Foreign, Commonwealth Development Office (FCDO)
To provide commonwealth veterans and their widows/widowers from ODA eligible countries, who worked for British Armed Forces before their countries gained independence, now living in poverty, with two meals a day through a 5 year cash transfer programme.
Digital Identity as an Enabler for Development
UK - Foreign, Commonwealth Development Office (FCDO)
This programme will support governments to implement trusted, secure and inclusive digital Identification and civil registration systems, informed by international evidence and experience, by supporting the World Bank Group’s Identification for Development initiative, known as ID4D, between 2019-2020 to 2024-25. This programme will finance ID4D to, first, produce evidence-based guidance on the preferred approaches for digital identification and illustrate the development value of the systems, second, establish and support global platforms, convening and peer-to-peer exchange to share lessons and experiences of what works and why, and third, provide technical assistance to over 30 governments and regional institutions to support countries to roll-out digital identification and civil registration systems. DFID will also support an independent evaluation of the World Bank Group’s ID4D programme during the course of this grant.
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