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NDC Partnership
UK - Department for Energy Security and Net Zero
The NDC Partnership is a international partnership aiming to help turn countries’ climate targets under the Paris Agreement, known as Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs), into specific strategies and measures. It also aims to achieve greater harmonisation among the various donor programmes supporting NDCs.
The Nationally Appropriate Mitigation Actions (NAMA) Facility
UK - Department for Energy Security and Net Zero
The NAMA Facility is a targeted fund set up in 2012 by Germany and the UK to help finance measures that tackle and shift challenging sectors within a country’s climate mitigation action plans. Projects in these plans (their Nationally Appropriate Mitigation Actions Plans) funded by the NAMA Facility offer good potential for replication and are important building blocks towards implementing ambitious NDCs. The NAMA Facility has an open access competitive structure and projects are wide ranging in type (energy efficiency, transport, agriculture, renewables, waste) and geography (Asia, Africa and South and Central America) and noticeable for high level of country support.
UK Partnering for Accelerated Climate Transitions (UK PACT)
UK - Department for Energy Security and Net Zero
UK Partnering for Accelerated Climate Transitions (UK PACT) is the Department for Business, Energy, and Industrial Strategy’s (BEIS) flagship technical assistance programme and is funded via the UK’s International Climate Finance (ICF) commitment. UK PACT operates in countries with high greenhouse gas emissions that are eligible to receive Official Development Assistance (ODA) and have potential for high emissions reduction. UK PACT supports these countries to increase and implement their ambitions for emissions reductions in line with internationally agreed commitments (NDCs). UK PACT works strategically to leverage the UK’s position as a global leader in tackling climate change to provide support and share expertise, build strong relationships with other governments, and deliver transformational assistance
Carbon Initiative For Development (Ci-Dev)
UK - Department for Energy Security and Net Zero
The Carbon Initiative for Development (Ci-Dev) aims to increase the flow of international carbon finance, primarily into Least Developed Countries (LDCs). It launched in 2013 and supports climate change mitigation in pursuit of the Paris Agreement’s goals and facilitates access to cleaner energy and other poverty reducing technologies. It guarantees a revenue stream if projects deliver their expected benefits, builds local capacity to develop projects and monitor carbon emissions, and pilots projects that could serve as blueprints to increase LDC access to the international carbon market
Climate Ambition Support Alliance (CASA)
UK - Department for Energy Security and Net Zero
The Climate Ambition Support Alliance (CASA) programme will work through secondary providers to provide training, in addition to technical, legal and logistical support for developing country negotiators, in order to build the capacity of the least developed and most climate vulnerable states to participate in the international negotiations process and be more effective in influencing its outcomes.
Scaling Climate Action by Lowering Emissions (SCALE) and Enhancing Access to Benefits whilst Lowering Emissions (EnABLE)
UK - Department for Energy Security and Net Zero
SCALE will provide "end-to-end" support for large, jurisdictional-scale, nature-based emission reductions programming in ODA-eligible countries. This means it will provide upfront technical assistance and grant support to generate high-integrity emission reductions, mobilise further implementation funding from other World Bank programming, verify the emission reductions as carbon credits against high-integrity carbon market standards and use results-based climate finance to provide a guarantee of payment for those carbon credits. SCALE is designed to maximise the mobilisation of additional finance through the sale of carbon credits through carbon markets, to both private sector and Article 6 transactions. EnABLE is an associated programme which aims to help marginalised and vulnerable communities gain access to the carbon and non-carbon benefits generated by SCALE-financed emission reduction programmes.
Global Fund For Coral Reefs (GFCR)
Department for Environment, Food, and Rural Affairs
Coral reefs are amongst the most valuable ecosystems on earth, harbouring the highest biodiversity of any ecosystem, supporting 25% of marine life and providing a myriad of benefits to thousands of species. The Global Fund for Coral Reefs (GFCR) is a project within the Blue Planet Fund portfolio. The GFCR is the first Multi-partner Trust Fund for Sustainable Development Goal 14. It provides finance for coral reefs with particular attention on Small Island Developing States. The GFCR promotes a ‘protect-transform-restore-recover’ approach through the creation and management of Marine Protected Areas (MPAs) to save and protect coral reefs in the face of serious decline and extinction. The GFCR has four main outcomes: Protect priority coral reef sites and climate change-affected refugia Transforming the livelihoods of coral reef-dependent communities Restoration and adaptation technologies Recovery of coral reef-dependent communities to major shocks
ORRAA Programme
Department for Environment, Food, and Rural Affairs
The Ocean Risk and Resilience Action Alliance (ORRAA) is a multi-sector alliance that aims to drive investment into coastal natural capital through the development of innovative finance solutions. These products will reduce vulnerability and build resilience in the most exposed and vulnerable coastal regions and communities. The UK has committed £13.9 million into ORRAA, delivered in two phases. A successful Phase 1 in 2021-22 provided £1.9m in grant funding, followed by Phase 2 from 2022-2026 with £12m committed in grant funding. The UK’s investment will address 2 challenges faced by coastal communities and the ocean environment: 1) Tackling the impacts of anthropogenic climate change and biodiversity loss. 2) Overcoming barriers that prevent finance flowing into nature-based solutions. The grant awarded to ORRAA will support their aims to drive at least $500 million of investment into coastal and ocean natural capital, and produce at least 50 new, innovative finance products, by 2030. This would positively impact the resilience of 250 million climate vulnerable people in coastal areas worldwide.
Championing Inclusivity in Plastic Pollution (CHIPP)
Department for Environment, Food, and Rural Affairs
Championing Inclusivity in Plastic Pollution (CHIPP) comprises two components: (1) £1.6m contribution for the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP)’s Tide Turners Plastic Challenge (TTPC) (2) £2m contribution to the Intergovernmental Negotiating Committee on Plastic Pollution (INC). CHIPP’s overall objective is to foster an inclusive approach to tackling plastic pollution at all levels in ODA-eligible countries, from young people and communities to international action. TTPC is a youth environmental education and advocacy initiative which seeks to educate and empower young people on marine plastic pollution and how they can address it in their communities. The objective of this programme is to influence behaviour change, share knowledge, build awareness, and promote inclusive environmental stewardship in young people and give them a voice in the fight against plastic pollution. Its core deliverable is an educational course delivered in partnership with educational institutions. The INC contribution supports the inclusive participation of ODA-eligible country negotiators in the agreement of an international legally binding instrument (ILBI) on plastic pollution by providing travel support and facilitating regional intersessional meetings.
Achieving sustainable forest management through community managed protected areas in Madagascar
Department for Environment, Food, and Rural Affairs
This project aims to reduce deforestation and forest degradation within Madagascar’s national park network by supporting community and regional authorities to manage and monitor natural resources more effectively. It also seeks to transform the way in which communities use the forest by investing in sustainable farming practices and alternative livelihoods. By demonstrating proof of concept for community-based forest management, this project seeks to help communities to attract new investment and access market-based opportunities that guarantee the long-term financial sustainability of the protected area network. In this way, the project aims to create a successful model that could be replicated across the protected area network.
United Nations Development Programme: Climate Promise
Department for Environment, Food, and Rural Affairs
The UNDP Climate Promise programme helps developing countries implement their national climate pledges – Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs). The programme aims to increase ambition, implementation and engagement for NDCs under the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC). Defra's contribution focuses on the Forest, Land and Nature work area, contributing to increase the representation of nature in 8 countries’ NDCs through to COP27, the Global Stocktake in 2023 and to 2026. Project activities include: - Supporting countries in assessing the extent to which nature could contribute to meet climate targets, and establishing the steps required to meet this potential; - Supporting countries to develop detailed delivery plans and policies across relevant sectors that would enable them to maximise the role of nature in reaching the Paris climate goal; - Supporting countries in implementing delivery plans and policies, so that commitments and targets could be delivered through concrete actions. The UNDP Climate Promise aligns with the Prime Minister’s commitment of at least £3 billion of ICF to climate change solutions that protect and restore nature and biodiversity over five years, HMG’s Integrated Review, Response to the Dasgupta Review and COP26 commitments including the Glasgow Leaders Declaration.
Global Programme on Sustainability
Department for Environment, Food, and Rural Affairs
The programme supports sustainable economic growth that is both long-lasting and resilient to climate-related stressors. It does this through the integration of natural capital into decision making by governments, the private sector and financial institutions. The inability to value natural capital can undermine long-term growth and critically, the livelihoods of the poorest people dependent on ecosystems for their livelihoods. This programme directly addresses this challenge by (i) investing in data and research on natural capital; (ii) assisting countries to integrate this analysis into government policy making; and (iii) integrating this data and analysis into financial sector decision making.
PROBLUE
Department for Environment, Food, and Rural Affairs
PROBLUE is the World Bank’s leading multilateral mechanism for leveraging and disbursing blue finance towards sustainable ocean sectors and activities. It is a multi-donor trust fund that supports the achievement of Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 14, Life Below Water, and the Bank’s twin goals of ending extreme poverty and boosting shared prosperity. PROBLUE aims to do this by reducing the existing blue finance gap by creating the necessary enabling environment for public and private sectors to shift from unsustainable to sustainable activities.
Environmental consumption, production, and voting preferences: corresponding implications for structural transformation in Brazil
DEPARTMENT FOR SCIENCE, INNOVATION AND TECHNOLOGY
The role of evolving preferences over consumption goods has long been understood as a determinant of the pattern of structural transformation. However, the role that will be played by consumption preferences over particularly 'green' and 'brown' goods during the required climate transition is less well understood. The climate transition is also a 'structural transformation' problem - an issue of evolving sectoral structure -- and there is scope for extension of traditional analysis from development economics and development studies to the emergent problem of realising a just and developmental transition. Among the important socio-economic and political considerations for key stakeholders to ponder in driving forth climate action are the following issues: 1) that consumption preferences are likely to differ depending on where an individual sits in the income distribution; 2) that there may be conflict within firms over the choice of production technique since this influences the energy-intensity and emissions path of production; and 3) that workers and firm-owners, as well as other actors, influence the political process as voters, independent of their respective roles in consumption and production. In short, there are significant behavioural elements to the climate transition that require better empirical and theoretical understanding. Without understanding this behaviour, strategising a just and developmental transition to a greener economy is impossible. The central objective of this research is correspondingly to strategise how to reconcile structural transformation (raising the share of manufacturing production in total output) with the just transition. Given the historic energy intensity of manufacturing, this will be no mean feat, but it is surely one of the central global challenges for environmental activists, trade unions, policymakers -- and academics to strategise today. To do so, we aim to generate new empirical and theoretical insights into how preferences over consumption, production techniques, and voter behaviour impact the climate transition. Specifically, using the Brazilian context as an initial starting point, our research will help better understand preferences and behaviour in developing countries regarding these three crucial dimensions to the just transition. The research will consist of a survey investigating individual behaviour in each of these three dimensions and heterogeneity in behaviour along these dimensions. The objective of the research is to channel knew knowledge about behaviour of the aforementioned key actors to policy-relevant insights that can inform emboldened climate action for trade unionists, environmental activists, central bankers, treasury officials, and presidencies. This research will primarily benefit the Brazilian economy. Brazil faces substantial multi-dimensional development challenges related to its still limited levels of industrial development, high rates of poverty, and pronounced social and economic inequalities. It is ethnically heterogeneous, faces persistent legacies of institutionalised racial discrimination, has been historically influenced by non-democratic political traditions, and ranks among the most income -unequal economies in the world. Addressing those issues is the central focus of this research.
Ranching, Resources and Resilience: Uncovering the Impact of Land Grabbing in the Amazon
DEPARTMENT FOR SCIENCE, INNOVATION AND TECHNOLOGY
Over the past few decades, Brazil has been growing a reputation as an "agricultural powerhouse" (Stabile et al. 2020), a global leader in global agricultural production. Yet, this increase in agricultural development has resulted in negative environmental and social outcomes, particularly in forested regions of the country with weak governance in areas of agricultural practice. Brazil has nearly 55 Mha undesignated public forests in the Amazon (Sparovek et al., 2019), yet due to lack of clarity on land legislation, unclaimed territory is often occupied by deregulated cattle ranchers, also known as land grabbers, who are becoming key players in the expansion of pastureland in Amazonia. These activities now constitute one of the main drivers of deforestation (63%), as livestock occupies up to 85% of land cleared (Hecht and Cockburn, 2010). Although the intensification of these practices is the main cause of the spread of deforestation in the Amazon, its impact on and the effects on water access are rarely recognised. Research is increasingly recognising that the environmental degradation linked to cattle ranching extends beyond deforestation, influencing the hydrological cycles in the region. The clearing of forests disrupts the natural water balance, reducing rainfall interception, groundwater recharge, and altering river flows. These changes not only affect local ecosystems but have broader implications for water availability, which is critical for both human consumption and agricultural productivity. The cumulative effect of these processes contributes to a cycle of increasing aridity, which could further exacerbate the challenges faced by communities and ecosystems in the Amazon. Understanding the interconnectivity between land use change, water resources, and socio-political factors forms the basis for developing effective frameworks to create practical, sustainable management strategies in endangered zones of the Amazon rainforest. This project will serve as an initial scoping study to lay the foundations for a larger project bid on cattle ranching, land management and associated water scarcity. The aim of the pilot study, which we classify as an environmental planning social study, is to initiate an innovative, actor-centred, and interdisciplinary investigation into land grabbing within the Chico Mendes Extractive Reserve (CMER) in the state of Acre, Brazil. The project will focus on two specific aspects of this phenomenon: 1) the relationship between land management and water access, and 2) the legal, social, and political mechanisms used to legitimise cattle ranching practices. Both research streams stem from the priorities and concerns of cattle ranchers themselves, identified through previous research in CMER that Dr Sabina Ribeiro has been conducting since 2015. The goal is to build networks among interdisciplinary scholars interested in these themes, in order to create a strong trajectory towards a larger project that will offer new insights into a phenomenon that has often been presented in reductive and homogeneous terms within the existing scholarly literature.
Providing climate justice for marginalised groups in the implementation of the UN Global Plastics Treaty in Brazil
DEPARTMENT FOR SCIENCE, INNOVATION AND TECHNOLOGY
The world is waking up to the problem of plastic pollution. The threat it poses to ecosystems and human health is global but not all communities are equally affected or equally culpable, with developed countries producing most waste and developing nations suffering the worst consequences (Xanthos and Walker, 2018; Nielsen, 2021). The challenges of plastic pollution and climate justice are therefore inextricably linked. In March 2022 UNEA, Resolution 5/14 mandated an Intergovernmental Negotiating Committee (INC) produce a Global Plastics Treaty by the end of 2024, with implementation to begin in 2025. Their negotiations have been characterised by conflict between stakeholder groups with competing interests, from powerful coalitions of plastic-producing nations to representatives of marginalised communities already affected by the plastic crisis. Whatever treaty emerges from this crucible, its success will hinge on the ability of individual nations to turn it into effective, enforceable regulations capable of protecting not just the climate but also climate justice. Brazil, for example, produces much of Latin America's plastic waste and is home to marginalised communities and vital ocean and forest ecosystems already threatened by the rising tide of pollution. Here, as in the treaty negotiations, the governance of plastic is a contested topic, with diverse stakeholders defending disparate interests. THE CHALLENGE Realising the UN treaty's potential to enable Brazil to free its economy, people and globally-significant ecosystems from the menace of plastic pollution is a challenge that must be addressed now, while the opportunity still exists to guide the interpretation and codification of the treaty into national law and governance. AIMS To learn from the conflicts of interests between key stakeholder groups in the negotiation of the UN plastic treaty and use those lessons to help reconcile the needs of multistakeholders working on treaty implementation in Brazil with the goal of ensuring the resultant laws respect the needs of marginalised stakeholder groups and climate justice. To develop and empower early career researchers (ECRs) from the University of Surrey (UoS) and the University of São Paulo (USP), helping them develop collaborative skills and networks for addressing complex environmental challenges, whilst furthering their career goals.
Empowering Green Womenpreneurs
DEPARTMENT FOR SCIENCE, INNOVATION AND TECHNOLOGY
This project aims to develop a Circular Economy (CE) model specifically for micro and small beauty sector businesses led by women in Brazil, with benefits that extend to Global South countries. As the initial phase of a larger collaboration, this project will lay the groundwork by establishing essential connections and gathering preliminary data, with the goal of promoting sustainable and environmentally friendly women-led entrepreneurship. The initiative is a partnership between Coventry University in the UK and Fundação Getulio Vargas (FGV) University in Brazil. The beauty sector in Brazil, predominantly led by women, produces 120 billion pieces of packaging annually, representing 70% of its total waste. This significant environmental challenge, exacerbated by chemical waste from beauty products, threatens soil, water, climate, and human health. Women are central to this industry, with 285,000 female-led micro-sized businesses in São Paulo alone. They constitute 46.7% of Brazil's 13.2 million micro-entrepreneurs, contributing over £8 billion annually to the economy. To address these challenges, the project will empower female entrepreneurs in Brazil by leveraging UK best practices in CE, focusing on sustainable waste reduction, treatment, and management. As key drivers of economic activity and primary decision-makers in 72% of Brazilian households, women have the potential to influence broader societal behaviors and norms through sustainable practices. Targeting women aligns with Sustainable Development Goal 5 (Gender Equality) by removing barriers to their economic participation and ensuring equal access to resources. This project also supports SDGs for industry innovation (SDG9), sustainable cities (SDG11), responsible consumption (SDG12), climate action (SDG13), and global partnerships (SDG17). Empowering women in this sector addresses gender inequality while driving environmental sustainability and economic growth, with the potential to boost inclusive growth and global GDP.
Place-Based Engagement Strategies with Local Communities for better Climate Resilience Governance in Disaster Situations
DEPARTMENT FOR SCIENCE, INNOVATION AND TECHNOLOGY
This project aims to develop place-based and context-specific civic engagement strategies in collaboration with local government officials and relevant civic stakeholders in Caxias do Sul, Brazil. The goal is to help local authorities increase awareness of climate change challenges and engage communities in building resilience against disasters. Recent floods in the area have exposed a significant lack of public awareness regarding climate vulnerability and its consequences. This lack of awareness has heightened the population's vulnerability to future extreme weather events, leaving the region less capable of adapting to extreme weather-related impacts of climate change, such as floods, heavy storms, and heatwaves and their consequences. To address these challenges, the project seeks to empower local authorities to develop better tools and methods for engagement processes that help deliver climate resilience strategies and broaden local voices in policy making. Focusing on Caxias do Sul, the project seeks to foster collaborations between researchers from Brazil and the UK to enable local authorities create innovative and effective approaches for disaster preparedness and response and co-produce climate resilience strategies. This initiative will be delivered through a series of workshops organised in partnership with researchers from the Universidade de Caxias do Sul. The primary objective is to enhance the capacity of local governments in Rio Grande do Sul to engage effectively with communities for improved climate resilience governance in disaster-prone areas. The workshops will foster dialogue between UK and Brazilian researchers and local stakeholders to develop and share best practices and methodologies for community engagement. They will address challenges such as inclusion, communication, and policy integration, emphasising practical implementation and sustainability. By providing a platform for exchanging ideas and strategies, the workshops aim to create adaptable solutions for diverse contexts. As the impacts of climate change affect us more and more, local governments face the pressing challenge of building long term resilience while effectively responding to disasters. Historically, top-down response efforts and mitigation strategies have often failed to meet local needs on the ground. Recently, the focus has been shifting towards policies that leverage local expertise and resources, emphasising the need for civic engagement. Local communities are the first responders to disasters and by involving them in producing, planning and delivering climate resilience knowledge and strategies, local governments can tap into valuable local assets, foster a sense of ownership, and ensure the long-term sustainability of their efforts. Collaborative, place-based approaches not only improve the relevance and effectiveness of climate mitigation and adaptation measures, but also strengthen civic resilience and address broader issues of sustainability. By adopting a context-sensitive and inclusive approach to climate resilience governance, local governments can better address the complexities of climate change adaptation and mitigation, deal better with disaster situations such as the recent floods in the region, and enhance the overall well-being and adaptive capacity of their communities. This project represents a critical step towards building more resilient and sustainable cities in the face of growing climate challenges.
ADAPTA-Mossoró: Collaborative Asset Planning for Urban Climate Change Adaptation in Mossoró, Brazil
DEPARTMENT FOR SCIENCE, INNOVATION AND TECHNOLOGY
According to the United Nations, over half of the world's population lives in urban areas, and projections indicate that by 2050, approximately 68% of the global population will be urbanised. Rapid urbanisation is perceived as increasing the vulnerability of urban centres to climate change impacts. It has, for instance, increased climate injustice through the concentration of people in low-lying coastal zones at risk from sea-level rise, severe weather events, and constraints on freshwater. In Brazil, where approximately 85% of the population lives in urban areas (IBGE, 2022), data from the National Confederation of Municipalities [Confederação Nacional de Municípios (CNM)] show that 93% of Brazilian cities were affected by climatic events from 2013 to 2022, and 4.2 million people had to leave their homes in 47% of Brazil's municipalities. Although Brazil is revising and implementing a new climate strategy, concrete actions to address urban climate uncertainties are sparse and limited (Barbi, 2016). This scenario gets even worse in Brazil's semi-arid northeast (SANEB), where climate change has increased the compounding and overlapping vulnerabilities of previously neglected and marginalised communities. Mossoró, SANEB's capital and a mid-sized city with approximately 264,577 residents (IBGE, 2022), is an excellent example of this, as it experiences intense sunlight, high temperatures, and a rainfall pattern characterised by scarcity, irregularity, and concentrated precipitation over three months. . This leads to frequent heatwaves and flash floods, which disproportionately affect the vulnerable population living in precarious housing and low-lying areas. To achieve Sustainable Development Goals (particularly SDG 11), creating inclusive, safe, resilient, and sustainable cities is urgently needed to support climate change mitigation and adaptation. Local governments and communities affected assume a central role in climate action planning. However, depending on the tools and strategies implemented, it risks exacerbating already deep social, economic, and political divisions in cities if it is not co-created, co-produced, and co-managed. To avoid climate vulnerabilities being tackled in a fragmented manner by conventional adaptation approaches, there is thus increasing urgency for researchers, planners, and policymakers to adopt participatory and intersectional frames that tackle these climate injustices while simultaneously striving to expand capacity to build transformative, sustainable futures. This proposal builds on emerging findings and collaborations established between Lancaster University (LU) and Universidade do Estado do Rio Grande do Norte (UERN) during the "Accumulation by segregation and dispossession project" funded by LU's Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences (FASS), while engaging policymakers and the public in climate change discussions in Mossoro, Brazil. The project adopts a transdisciplinary, pro-poor, and intersectional approach, utilising participatory appraisal methods, to explore how marginalised communities in the city of Mossoro understand and are impacted by climate injustice. The project will expand on a long-standing collaboration with a non-academic partner, Fridays for Future Mossoro, stakeholders, and an impacted community to co-produce knowledge and seek to inform policy at a time when Brazil's National Climate Plan 2024-2035 is being developed and cities across the country are gaining visibility. Brazil will also host the 2025 UN Climate Change Conference (UNFCCC COP 30) in November 2025. This event provides momentum for collaboration and the development of future projects arising from this pilot experience. Ultimately, the collaboration aims to benefit a historically neglected region within Brazil by addressing climate-related challenges and inspiring actions across the region and similar contexts globally.
Engagement collaboration: Water bonds to mitigate environmental risks
DEPARTMENT FOR SCIENCE, INNOVATION AND TECHNOLOGY
Water is indispensable for life, health, and human activities. As such, sustaining water resources and addressing their scarcity is an urgent global challenge. Latin American countries on the DAC list, like Brazil, are under enormous pressure to manage water resources sustainably. Over 100 million Brazilians lack access to safe sanitation, and more than 200 million rely mostly on hydropower for electricity (OECD, 2022), highlighting the urgent need for innovative solutions. Addressing these issues requires leveraging financial instruments that can drive sustainable environmental projects effectively. With a specific focus on Brazil, our proposed research aims to integrate an environmental risk approach into analysing the impacts of green bond investments, specifically on water resources. Green bonds are financial instruments designed to fund sustainable environmental projects, such as infrastructure, to address water-related challenges. However, their actual environmental effectiveness and transparency remain underexplored (Ehlers et al., 2020, Jia, 2023, Fatica and Panzica, 2021). Collaboration is at the heart of our approach. The UK is the global leader in water bonds, while Brazil leads in Latin America. By bringing together UK and Brazilian researchers, we aim to foster the exchange of world-class knowledge and innovative ideas and develop networks with local stakeholders; crucial in driving forward our research and ensuring its practical relevance. This partnership will enhance our collective ability to tackle the environmental challenges associated with sustainable finance. Our objectives are clear: to foster new collaborations, establish fresh partnerships and networks, and develop innovative research projects scalable for further funding applications. These goals will be achieved through a structured approach involving stakeholders via interviews, a workshop, dissemination of findings, and development of further research proposals. Ultimately, by addressing the complexities of environmental risk in green finance, our research will contribute significantly to global sustainable development and environmental stewardship. The timing of this research is pertinent due to the global push towards sustainable water infrastructure and the urgency to limit the rise in global temperature. Our project aligns with Sustainable Development Goals SDG6 (clean water and sanitation), SDG8 (decent work and economic growth) and SDG17 (partnerships for the goals). Moreover, the upcoming COP 30 in Brazil in 2025 places the Amazon at the centre of global sustainability and climate change discussions. COP 30 presents a crucial opportunity for the Amazon region to address innovative financial instruments like green bonds, offering a unique platform for our research to contribute to global solutions for water scarcity and climate resilience. Our project brings together researchers from the UK and Brazil, blending expertise in sustainability and finance to tackle complex sustainable finance challenges. Dr Beltran leads the UK team, specialising in sustainability transitions, with Dr Park contributing green finance knowledge and Dr Robins focusing on stakeholder engagement. In Brazil, Dr. Lima dos Santos brings expertise in sustainability and integrated reporting, supported by Dr. Dias in environmental accounting. Professors Tjahjono, Pereira, and Dr. Torres provide insights into sustainable operations, financial risk management, and environmental governance. Team members also participate in the RELES network (Latin American Sustainability Studies) (https://reles.dcya.cl). In conclusion, this project is not only timely but also essential. It will advance our understanding of green finance's impact on critical resources like water, promote innovative solutions to environmental challenges, and support broader goals of climate resilience and sustainable development in Brazil and will have implications far beyond its borders.
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