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Expanding safe water and waste management service access to off-grid urban populations in Africa
DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY
According to WHO/UNICEF, whilst 91.8% of urban households in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) had access to piped or protected groundwater sources in 2015, only 46.2% had safely managed water available when needed. Vendors provide a key role in supplying urban off-grid populations, with consumption of bottled or bagged water (sachets, water sold in 500ml plastic bags) growing in SSA. Whilst several studies show bottles and bags are usually free from faecal contamination, given that many off-grid urban populations lack solid waste disposal services, when people drink such water, there can be problems disposing of the plastic bags and bottles afterwards. This project aims to deliver evidence on the different ways that people sell water to off-grid populations and what this means for plastic waste management. We plan to do this in Ghana, where most urban household now drink bagged water, and by way of contrast, Kenya, where the government has banned plastic bags. In this way, we want to widen access to safe water and waste management services among urban off-grid populations, by supporting water-sellers and waste collectors to fill the gaps in municipal services. Both countries (and many others elsewhere) already have nationwide household surveys that collect data on the food and goods people consume and the services they have. However, as yet, these surveys have not been connected to the problem of waste management. We plan to visit marketplaces, buying foods and then recording packaging and organic waste. By combining this information with the household survey data, we can work out how much domestic waste like plastics gets collected and how much is discarded or burned, ultimately entering the atmosphere or oceans. In Ghana, we will also survey informal waste collectors in urban Greater Accra. We want to find out how much these small businesses support waste collection and recycling across this urban region (particularly plastic from bagged water), so we can help government identify gaps in waste collection coverage. We also believe highlighting the important role of small waste collectors could lead to greater business support for such collectors. We will also evaluate whether community education campaigns to encourage domestic waste recycling reduce the amount of waste and plastic observed in the local environment. Such campaigns are currently pursued by several local charities with support from the Plastic Waste Management Project. In Kenya, where water is usually sold in jerrycans rather than bagged, the jerrycan water often gets contaminated. We plan to find out whether this jerrycan water is safer under an arrangement known as delegated management. This involves a water utility passing on management of the piped network to a local business in slum areas, so as to reduce vandalism of pipes and bring water closer to slum-dwellers. We will compare water quality in areas with and without this arrangement to see if it makes the water sold safer. We also plan to bring water-sellers and consumers together to find and test ways of reducing contamination of water between a jerry-can being filled and water being drunk at home. Rather than imposing a solution, we want to work together with vendors and consumers on this issue, but there are for example containers designed to keep water cleaner that we could explore. Through these activities, we thus plan to develop evidence on different strategies for water-sellers to deliver safer water to people lacking piped connections, whilst managing plastic waste at the same time. In Ghana, this involves trying to increase recycling and waste collection for bagged water, which is relatively safe. In Kenya, this involves trying to reduce contamination of water sold in reusable jerrycans. Alongside our household survey evidence on how domestic waste is managed in slums, this should help governments plan waste and water services in poorer areas of Africa's expanding cities.
GOAL: Supporting government and partners in strengthening health systems for better mental health of Syrian refugees and host communities in Lebanon
DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY
GOAL focuses on the challenge of supporting health systems providing for the mental health needs of people affected by protracted displacement, focusing on Lebanon. Poor mental health causes long-term suffering and disability, is a barrier to realising full potential of individuals and society, and impedes progress in achieving the SDGs. Poor mental health is often more common among protracted refugee populations than non-crisis affected populations. Effective mental health services exist, but there are major gaps in access to them, especially among refugee populations. The challenge is how to best deliver such services, including the design of health systems required to support this delivery. This is particularly challenging in protracted displacement settings which can place substantial additional pressure on already strained health systems and where an influx of international aid and actors can risk weakening national government-led responses. GOAL is a partnership between universities, the National Mental Health Programme at the Ministry of Public Health and civil society organisations in Lebanon. It addresses the following questions in the UKRI-GCRF Protracted Displacement call: (i) what should governments at every level do in order to anticipate and efficiently manage protracted stays, reduce refugees' dependence on humanitarian aid and implement systems that facilitate refugee /IDP integration, inclusion and social wellbeing? (ii) How can health care systems for the displaced be expanded to cover areas that are usually neglected in refugee/IDP settings such as (though not limited to) treatment of chronic illnesses, disability and mental health? (iii) How does gendered access to services, economic and cultural opportunities and levels of power influence differently the experiences, opportunities and limitations of men and women? The overall aim of GOAL to support government and partners in strengthening the ability of health systems to meet the mental health needs of refugee and host communities affected by protracted displacement, focusing on Lebanon as it is home to over one million Syrian refugees. It addresses two health system topics, governance and financing, identified as priority areas by key stakeholders in Lebanon and by external independent experts. GOAL's research is framed by the use of Transition Theory and gender is addressed as a cross-cutting issue informing all aspects of the project research. It follow a co-production approach, working closely with key stakeholders - particularly mental health service users. Quantitative and qualitative methods will be used and interdisciplinarity fostered. We also work with mental health service users to produce innovative materials (e.g. animations and augmented reality digital images) communicating the benefits of participation from people with lived experience of mental disorders in research and policy-making processes, and for advocacy and teaching. GOAL has capacity strengthening activities to provide technical training to project partners and key stakeholders, and to support institutional capacity and individual career progression. The main immediate beneficiary will be the National Mental Health Programme at the Ministry of Public Health in Lebanon. Other beneficiaries will include key stakeholders including mental health service users, NGOs, and UN agencies, both in Lebanon and other countries responding to protracted displacement situations. The proposal responds to SDG 3 (good health and well-being) and DFID's strategic objectives of strengthening resilience and response to crises, and tackling extreme poverty and helping the world's most vulnerable.
Open Network for WAter-Related Diseases (ONWARD)
DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY
The ONWARD Network (Open Network for Water-Related Diseases) is dedicated to forecasting, early warning & risk mapping for water-associated diseases through use of remote sensing, field observations & mathematical modelling. Our vision is to enable cost-effective, regularly updated, geo-referenced early warning for areas vulnerable to water-associated diseases, which in turn will enable preventive measures to be deployed in a timely manner to minimise the probability of epidemics. Our long-term vision is to establish a system that will be applicable broadly, in a variety of localities & for a variety of diseases. By "water-associated" disease, we mean a rather broad class, including diarrhoeal diseases such as cholera; skin diseases associated with water-borne bacteria or metazoan parasites; vector-borne diseases such as malaria & dengue fever; & others such as hepatitis. The "water" involved may be fresh, or brackish or coastal seawater. The network will respond primarily the GCRF Challenge of Global Health (infectious diseases), & secondarily to that of Resilience to Environmental Shocks & Change (since outbreaks of water-associated diseases are affected by extreme weather events, expected to become more frequent as a result of climate change). The network will also address UN Sustainable Development Goal 3, Target 3d, to "Strengthen the capacity of all countries, in particular developing countries, for early warning, risk reduction & management of national & global health risks." According to the World Health Organisation, some two billion people use faecally-contaminated drinking water, putting them at risk of death or chronic poor health from water-borne infectious diseases such as cholera, dysentery, typhoid & polio. Provision of safe drinking water is hostage to the influence of extreme weather & flooding. Apart from the fatalities, the effect of a chronic burden of lower-level infection by water-associated diseases is antagonistic to the maintenance of a healthy work force & to the well-being of society in general, to the detriment of sustainable development. For example, cholera kills an estimated 95,000 people every year, but it also makes another 2.9 million seriously ill with a debilitating disease. Hence the need to address, in addition, the resilience of communities to perturbations of the safe drinking water supply under extreme weather events associated with a changing climate. Before now, our ability to develop early warning, risk reduction & management of national & global health risks due to water-associated diseases has been limited by mutual isolation of the scientific communities whose collective effort is required to make progress. Forecasting outbreaks of water-associated diseases & their geo-referenced risk mapping is a complex matter for which the collaboration of experts from several disciplines (ranging from environmental biochemistry, genetics, molecular biology, social sciences & epidemiology to remote sensing & modelling) is needed if we are to make real advances. Hitherto, the required experts have rarely encountered each other in a scientific setting. A multidisciplinary network is essential to foster exchange of ideas between them, & so build a collaborative approach to a difficult problem by uniting them behind a common target. We believe that progress in early warning, risk forecasting & risk management of water-associated diseases will be possible through the combined efforts of specialists in the stated disciplines. Establishment of a related network is the perfect way to bring this about. An international team of outstanding experts, as well as related stakeholders, has been assembled to undertake the work. The network will be an open one. As well as the research activity, there will be a component of capacity building delivered through two training courses. The ODA countries involved will be Argentina, Brazil, India, South Africa, & Tanzania; all are susceptible to waterborne diseases.
AXE-FILLES - Accès et Égalité pour l'Éducation des Filles
UK - Foreign, Commonwealth Development Office (FCDO)
To improve access to education and improved learning outcomes for girls and boys, and deliver a more responsive and accountable education system
Sub-National Governance Programme -II (SNG-II)
UK - Foreign, Commonwealth Development Office (FCDO)
The programme will improve government’s management of its public finances and thereby the provision of basic services for the poorest, and the most vulnerable, including women, girls and people with disabilities. It will also strengthen citizens’ perceptions of its performance. This programme will also work across four themes, all aimed at getting the right systems and resources in place for the effective functioning of government and the delivery of services. These themes are: Planning and reform, Budgeting and transparency, Fiscal Space and Innovations.
Girls Education Challenge (Phase II)
UK - Foreign, Commonwealth Development Office (FCDO)
This Girls' Education Challenge Phase 2 will enable up to 1 million marginalised girls (currently supported through Phase 1) to continue to learn, complete primary school and transition on to secondary education. A further 500,000 highly marginalised adolescent girls, who are out of school, will also be targeted to gain literacy, numeracy and other skills relevant for life and work. It is estimated that at least 400,000 girls will complete junior secondary school in the first four years of the extension. The extension will build on what we have learnt so far in Phase 1 and further deepen global understanding of what works for girls’ education, particularly during adolescence and in the transition from education to work.
What Works Hub for Global Education
UK - Foreign, Commonwealth Development Office (FCDO)
The What Works Hub will ensure UK leadership on global education evidence and advice. It will respond to the Ministerial action plan on girls education and the urgent demand from governments for rapid reform to address the learning crisis. The hub will support governments to address the C-19 crisis and build back better to ensure teachers are equiped to deliver skills for the future. Through thought leadership, conveing and provision of global goods it will contribute to the UK target of 50M girls and boys learning with a focus on the most marginalised.
Bangladesh Climate and Environment Programme (BCEP)
UK - Foreign, Commonwealth Development Office (FCDO)
To help deliver a more climate resilient, less carbon intensive and cleaner Bangladesh. The programme will help tackle adaptation, energy, environmental management and climate governance challenges at national and local level, in communities across Bangladesh.
UK-Jamaica Violence Prevention Partnership
UK - Foreign, Commonwealth Development Office (FCDO)
To assist the Government of Jamaica to manage extreme levels of violence to stem gang violence using the public health model.
Partnership to Engage, Reform and Learn (PERL)
UK - Foreign, Commonwealth Development Office (FCDO)
The programme works with government and civil society at federal and state levels to reduce inefficiency and corruption in the use of Nigerian resources and therefore improve delivery of services, including for women, girls and persons with disability. It does this in partnership with other DFID programmes supporting service delivery by helping Nigerian stakeholders improve accountability for use of resources including improving processes for raising revenue, allocating resources, planning and programme implementation.
Sierra Leone Secondary Education Improvement Programme II (SSEIP II)
UK - Foreign, Commonwealth Development Office (FCDO)
To improve primary and secondary schooling for 1.5 million children and will also improve English and maths results for 400,000 students in secondary school, make schools safer for 150,000 adolescent girls, and target support for disabled students. Would help Sierra Leone achieve its ambition (as one of three country pilots) to improve its standing on the Human Capital Index – it is currently 151st out of 157 countries.
Girls' Education in South Sudan Phase II
UK - Foreign, Commonwealth Development Office (FCDO)
To provide direct financial support to girls in form of cash transfers to support retention and completion; provision of capitation grants for flexible use by schools to support infrastructure, learning materials and access for children with disabilities; development of training materials with the wider education cluster; integrated accelerated learning and livelihood training for adolescent girls up to 18 years of age previously excluded from education and a conflict sensitive, equitable and flexible approach to programming that can adapt to changes in the context for example displaced populations.
ASEAN-UK Supporting the Advancement of Girls’ Education (SAGE) Programme
UK - Foreign, Commonwealth Development Office (FCDO)
This programme will help to improve the learning outcomes, agency and freedoms of women and girls and other left-behind groups across the full range of countries in ASEAN, in line with the commitments to ASEAN as a Dialogue Partner. It will deploy technical advice to support regional partnerships and reform initiatives that can influence and multiply domestic and multilateral education finance. In Low- and Lower Middle-Income Countries, activity will focus on basic education. We will provide technical assistance, capacity building and evidence assessments to help ASEAN Member States (AMS) design and implement more cost-effective measures to address the foundational learning crisis, including post-COVID-19 recovery. It will also help to expand access to high quality digital skills, technical and vocational education with a focus on enabling marginalised adolescent girls ty digital skills, technical and vocational education with a focus on enabling marginalised adolescent girls.
Investing in Human Capital through Partnerships Beyond Aid in the Social Sectors Programme
UK - Foreign, Commonwealth Development Office (FCDO)
To improve governance and accountability in education, health and social protection sectors and contribute to policy and research which will inform interventions to improve equity and reduce poverty.
Syria Humanitarian Response Programme (SHRP)
UK - Foreign, Commonwealth Development Office (FCDO)
To provide timely and effective multi-sectoral humanitarian response to emerging needs and protracted displacement as agreed and set out by international partners in the Humanitarian Response Plan across whole of Syria.
UK Support to the Global Partnership for Education 2021-2026
UK - Foreign, Commonwealth Development Office (FCDO)
This programme will allow GPE to expand its programming for primary and secondary education, addressing the global learning crisis, including the setbacks posed by COVID-19, particularly to girls. The programme will help GPE deliver funding to transform education in countries that are home to 1.1 billion school-aged girls and boys. GPE estimates that its support, alongside other education spend, will help partner countries get 40 million more girls into school and support 17 million more girls to read in Lower Income Countries (LICs, 70%) and Lower Middle-Income Countries (LMICs, 30%) over its five-year strategic plan.
Strengthening Malawi’s Education System
UK - Foreign, Commonwealth Development Office (FCDO)
This programme aims to improve the quality of education service delivery in Malawi so more girls and boys successfully progress through and complete primary school with measureable improvements in learning outcomes. This will contribute towards the UK’s efforts to support human capital development so more Malawians have the foundations and skills to fulfil their potential and contribute towards national development.
Syria Education Programme II (SEP II)
UK - Foreign, Commonwealth Development Office (FCDO)
The Syria Education Programme II (SEP-II) will support the most vulnerable girls and boys to access high quality primary education in Northwest Syria. The programme will enhance the equitability of the education system in Northwest Syria, delivering on the UK’s commitments to improve girls’ education.
Teacher Effectiveness and Equitable Access for Children (TEACH) in Zimbabwe
UK - Foreign, Commonwealth Development Office (FCDO)
To safeguard educational gains made over the last decade. During this current period of economic instability and beyond, TEACH will sustain improvements made to learning outcomes and will target the poorest and most disadvantaged learners, including those with a disability. It will build on the learning from the previous United Kingdom (UK) support through the Education Development Fund but shifts focus to where it matters most by: • targeting the poorest schools so that they remain functional and can meet basic operational needs. • Testing and adapting evidence-based approaches to improve teacher effectiveness in the classroom, contributing to wider reforms of the national education system. • Supporting the Zimbabwean Government to end violence in schools by developing a comprehensive approach to safeguarding and positive discipline • Strengthening effective education systems so that they are more inclusive • Supporting improving financing of education
UK/Ukraine universities Twinning Scheme
UK - Foreign, Commonwealth Development Office (FCDO)
The twinning scheme sets out to establish sustainable partnerships between UK universities and similar universities in Ukraine with the aim of supporting immediate assistance to bolster Ukrainian universities' resilience during the conflict and foster the foundations for longer-term links between Higher Education institutions that can support recovery. The twinning programme has received the endorsement of the Ministry of Education in Ukraine and is supported by the Office of the President.
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