Most patients with COVID-19 have cough and breathing problems. However, we are now seeing patients with neurological (brain) disease too. We want to understand why to help us improve treatment. 1. Doctors are publishing reports of single or small groups of patients, or registries. These describe patients in different ways using different definitions. This means it is hard to see the full range of brain disease. Through our global network, we will pull together data from all patients (published or not) to produce a single large report. 2. We want to understand why some patients with COVID-19 get neurological disease. We will therefore conduct a study in Brazil, India and Malawi. We will compare patients with and without neurological disease, to identify risk factors for neurological disease. We are especially interested in those factors which could be treated, such as lack of oxygen in the blood. 3. We will also look at outcomes for neurological patients, again looking at factors associated with a bad outcome. 4. We have a strong Patient, Public and Community Engagement and Involvement Programme, and good links to the World Health Organisation (WHO) and national policymakers. These will help to ensure our information rapidly informs clinical guidelines to improve patient management and save lives. 5. We will also train doctors and scientists in such research to improve their knowledge and skills, and build capacity.

The overarching aims of this study are to:_x000D_ 1. Define the full spectrum of COVID-19 associated neurological disease through an_x000D_ individual patient data meta-analysis_x000D_ 2. Establish a prospective case-control study of hospitalised adults with COVID-19 in_x000D_ Brazil, India and Malawi, to compare those with and without neurological disease,_x000D_ focusing on risk factors which may be modifiable._x000D_ 3. Examine outcomes of patients with COVID-19-associated neurological disease,_x000D_ looking for prognostic indicators._x000D_ 4. Through our Patient, Public and Community Engagement and Involvement_x000D_ (PPCEI) Programme, and strong links with National and WHO policymakers, use this_x000D_ information to develop and implement national and international clinical care guidelines to improve patients outcomes and reduce disability_x000D_ 5. Strengthen capacity for emerging brain infections research in partner countries